An Ayah Garden reading & tajweed course

Quran Foundation

40 lessons in 10 stages, from the first letter to reciting whole surahs with tajweed. Learn with your teacher, one page at a time.

10stages
40lessons
15Quran readings
How this book works

The Ayah Garden way

  1. One vowel at a time, sound first. You meet all 28 letters, then read them all with fatha, then all with kasra, then all with damma, so nothing is learned all at once. We read by sound: «بَ» is ‘ba’, never ‘baa with a fatha’.
  2. One new thing per lesson. Each lesson adds a single idea on top of what you already know.
  3. The student reads, the teacher listens. The teacher points and waits. Help comes only after a real try.
  4. Read, then read faster. Every row is read slowly first, then again smoothly. Fluency comes from rereading.
  5. Move on when it is smooth. Tick a lesson only when the whole page can be read without stopping. There is no rush.
  6. Always back to the Quran. Every lesson ends by spotting the new skill in real ayat.

Inside every lesson

Goal
What the student will be able to do by the end.
Learn
The rule in plain words, with short examples.
For the teacher
How to run the page in class.
Read
Rows, words and Quran lines to practise. Rows are numbered so you can say “row 4 again”.
Mastery check
The bar to clear before moving on. Tick it and your progress is saved on this device.

Start with Lesson 1Every lesson is in the menu. Pick any one to jump to it.

Tajweed colours

Letters with a tajweed rule are coloured throughout the book. You can switch the colours off at the top of the page.

آ
Long madd4 to 6 counts
ي
Madd on stopping2, 4 or 6 counts
نّ
Ghunnah2-count nasal hum
دْ
Qalqalahbounce the letter
ٱل
Silentwritten, not read
ر
Heavyfull, deep sound
سْ
Hamslet the breath out

Bonus section

Know how to read the Quran?

Complete this section with your teacher. If your teacher approves, skip Stages 1 to 5 and start at Stage 6: Silent Letters, Ghunnah & Stopping, where the tajweed rules begin.

  1. 1

    Letters and short vowels

    Stages 1–2

    Read across

    1. 1
      خَحِجُعَغِهُ
    2. 2
      صُسَثِضَدِذُ
    3. 3
      طِتَقُكَظِءَ
  2. 2

    Joined words

    Stage 3

    Read each word

    كُتِبَ
    رَحِمَ
    فَتَحَ
    خُلِقَ
    سَمِعَ
    وَعَدَ
  3. 3

    Long vowels

    Stage 4

    Read each word

    قَالُوا
    فِيهَا
    يَقُولُونَ
    نُودِيَ
    ذٰلِكَ
    عَلَىٰ
  4. 4

    Sukun

    Lesson on the resting letter

    Read each word. No extra vowel on the resting letter

    قُلْ
    يَعْلَمُ
    مِنْ
    أَرْسَلْنَا
    خَوْفَ
    بَيْتَ
  5. 5

    Qalqalah

    Lesson on the bouncing letters

    Bounce each resting qalqalah letter

    يَ‍دْخُلُونَ
    أَطْ‍عَمَهُم
    وَٱلْفَ‍جْ‍رِ
    يَ‍بْ‍تَغُونَ
    لَمْ يَلِ‍دْ
    ٱلْفَلَ‍قْ
  6. 6

    Hams

    Lesson on the whispered letters

    Let the breath out on each resting hams letter

    وَٱلْفَ‍تْ‍حُ
    تَبَّ‍تْ
    خُ‍سْ‍رٍ
    يَ‍حْ‍سَبُ
    أَفْ‍وَاجًا
    يَ‍شْ‍كُرُ
  7. 7

    Tanween and shadda

    Lessons on tanween and shadda

    Read each word

    أَحَدٌ
    أَفْوَاجًا
    مَّأْكُولٍ
    رَبِّ
    تَوَّابًا
    حُبًّا جَمًّا
  8. 8

    Read a surah you have not practised

    Everything together

    At-Takathur (102)

    أَلْهَىٰكُمُ ٱلتَّكَاثُرُ١ حَتَّىٰ زُرْتُمُ ٱلْمَقَابِرَ٢ كَلَّا سَوْفَ تَعْلَمُونَ٣ ثُمَّ كَلَّا سَوْفَ تَعْلَمُونَ٤ كَلَّا لَوْ تَعْلَمُونَ عِلْمَ ٱلْيَقِينِ٥ لَتَرَوُنَّ ٱلْجَحِيمَ٦ ثُمَّ لَتَرَوُنَّهَا عَيْنَ ٱلْيَقِينِ٧ ثُمَّ لَتُسْأَلُنَّ يَوْمَئِذٍ عَنِ ٱلنَّعِيمِ٨

Teacher approval

Approve only if every part was read smoothly, with no help and no guessing. Approving marks Lessons 1 to 20 as complete.

Stage 1 of 10 · Lessons 1–4 · Seeds

Short Vowels

Meet all 28 letters, one short vowel at a time: fatha, then kasra, then damma.

  1. 1All letters with fatha
  2. 2All letters with kasra
  3. 3All letters with damma
  4. 4All three vowels together
Lesson1

All letters with fatha

Meet all 28 letters and read each one with a fatha.

  • Arabic is read from right to left. Every row in this book starts on the right.
  • You meet all 28 letters in alphabetical order, with one short vowel at a time: fatha in this lesson, kasra in Lesson 2 and damma in Lesson 3.
  • Each letter has a name (Baa, Taa…) and a sound (b, t…). Learn the names so you can talk about letters, but read by sound.
  • The fatha is a small slanted line above the letter بَ. It gives a short ‘a’: بَ = ba. Alif cannot carry a vowel by itself, so the hamzah does it: أَ = a.
  • The hamzah ء is a clean catch in the throat. It often sits on a seat: an alif أ, a waw ؤ or a yaa ئ. It always sounds the same.

The letters, with a word for each

ا
Alif
Carries a sound; on its own it stretches a fatha
أَحَدٌOne
ب
Baa
b as in ‘bed’
بَيْتٌhouse
ت
Taa
light t, tongue tip behind the top teeth
تِينٌfig
ث
Thaa
th as in ‘think’
ثَمَرٌfruit
ج
Jeem
j as in ‘jam’
جَنَّةٌgarden
ح
Ḥaa
breathy h from the middle of the throat
حَمْدٌpraise
خ
Khaa
rough ‘kh’, like Scottish ‘loch’
خَيْرٌgood
د
Daal
light d
دِينٌreligion
ذ
Dhaal
th as in ‘this’
ذَهَبٌgold
ر
Raa
rolled r, tip of the tongue
رَبٌّLord
ز
Zay
z as in ‘zoo’
زَيْتُونٌolive
س
Seen
light s
سَمَاءٌsky
ش
Sheen
sh as in ‘shine’
شَمْسٌsun
ص
Ṣaad
heavy s, back of the tongue raised
صَلَاةٌprayer
ض
Ḍaad
heavy d from the side of the tongue
ضُحًىmorning light
ط
Ṭaa
heavy t, full mouth
طَيْرٌbirds
ظ
Dhaa
heavy ‘dh’, like ‘th’ in ‘this’
ظِلٌّshade
ع
‘Ayn
squeezed sound from the middle of the throat
عَيْنٌspring
غ
Ghayn
gargled sound, like French ‘r’
غَفُورٌForgiving
ف
Faa
f as in ‘fun’
فِيلٌelephant
ق
Qaaf
deep k from the very back of the tongue
قَمَرٌmoon
ك
Kaaf
light k as in ‘kite’
كِتَابٌbook
ل
Laam
l as in ‘leaf’
لَيْلٌnight
م
Meem
m, lips together
مَاءٌwater
ن
Noon
n, tongue tip up
نُورٌlight
ه
Haa
soft h from the deepest throat
هُدًىguidance
و
Waw
w, rounded lips
وَرَقَةٌleaf
ي
Yaa
y as in ‘yes’
يَدٌhand
ء
Hamzah
a clean catch in the throat, as in ‘uh-oh’
سَمَاءٌsky (ends with it)

Every letter with fatha

  1. 1
    أَبَتَثَجَحَخَ
  2. 2
    دَذَرَزَسَشَصَ
  3. 3
    ضَطَظَعَغَفَقَ
  4. 4
    كَلَمَنَهَوَيَ

In a new order. Read faster each time

  1. 1
    أَغَبَضَ
  2. 2
    يَزَوَرَ
  3. 3
    مَفَتَطَ
  4. 4
    لَخَعَقَ
  5. 5
    ظَحَكَسَ
  6. 6
    دَثَجَصَ
  7. 7
    ذَهَنَشَ

Mastery check

The student reads every letter with fatha by sound, with no names and no long pauses.

Lesson2

All letters with kasra

Read every letter with a kasra, and tell fatha from kasra.

  • The kasra is a small slanted line below the letter بِ. It gives a short ‘i’: بِ = bi. With a kasra, the hamzah sits under the alif: إِ = i.
  • Watch the dots: ب ت ث ن ي share one body, as do ج ح خ, د ذ and ر ز. Look at the dots first, then the vowel.
  • Read every row first with kasra, then in the mixed rows decide fatha or kasra from the mark alone.

Every letter with kasra

  1. 1
    إِبِتِثِجِحِخِ
  2. 2
    دِذِرِزِسِشِصِ
  3. 3
    ضِطِظِعِغِفِقِ
  4. 4
    كِلِمِنِهِوِيِ

Fatha or kasra?

  1. 1
    قَصِتَنِ
  2. 2
    مِدَفِسَ
  3. 3
    عَثِكَهِ
  4. 4
    لِيَجِغَ
  5. 5
    ذَزِبَظِ
  6. 6
    ضِرَوِطَ
  7. 7
    خَشِحَإِ

First words

خَرَجَwent out
ذَبَحَslaughtered
حَذِرَwas careful
بَحَثَsearched

Mastery check

The student reads every letter with kasra, and never mixes up fatha and kasra.

Lesson3

All letters with damma

Read every letter with a damma, and tell all three vowels apart.

  • The damma is a small waw-shape above the letter بُ. It gives a short ‘u’: بُ = bu. Round the lips, or the sound will be wrong.
  • Take care with the heavy letters ص ض ط ظ, said with a full, deep mouth, and with ع غ, which come from the throat.
  • Read every row first with damma, then in the mixed rows decide fatha, kasra or damma from the mark alone.

Every letter with damma

  1. 1
    أُبُتُثُجُحُخُ
  2. 2
    دُذُرُزُسُشُصُ
  3. 3
    ضُطُظُعُغُفُقُ
  4. 4
    كُلُمُنُهُوُيُ

Which vowel?

  1. 1
    نَسِتُخَ
  2. 2
    إِذُصَلِ
  3. 3
    طُعَكِمُ
  4. 4
    يَدِهُبَ
  5. 5
    وِجُثَرِ
  6. 6
    شُغَظِزُ
  7. 7
    قَفِضُحَ

Words

صَبَرَwas patient
شَرِبَdrank
ضَرَبَstruck
ضُرِبَwas struck
طَبَعَsealed
عَبَسَfrowned

Spot it in the Quran

  • عَبَسَ‘Abasa 80:1

Mastery check

The student reads every letter with damma, with rounded lips, and never mixes up the three vowels.

Lesson4

All three vowels together

Read every letter with any of the three vowels, in mixed order.

  • Fatha ـَ = a, kasra ـِ = i, damma ـُ = u. Together they are the harakat, the ‘movements’.
  • Now every letter can take every vowel. Look at the mark before you say the sound, so you are never guessing.
  • Read each mixed row slowly first, then again at a steady pace.

One letter, three vowels

  1. 1
    بَبِبُ
  2. 2
    تَتِتُ
  3. 3
    جَجِجُ
  4. 4
    دَدِدُ
  5. 5
    سَسِسُ
  6. 6
    عَعِعُ
  7. 7
    قَقِقُ
  8. 8
    مَمِمُ

The whole alphabet, mixed vowels

  1. 1
    فَإِبُوَ
  2. 2
    حِنُلَغِ
  3. 3
    عُطَظِصُ
  4. 4
    شَهِسُكَ
  5. 5
    قِيُضَزِ
  6. 6
    رُدَمِذُ
  7. 7
    تَخِثُجَ

Again, in a new order

  1. 1
    بُشَيِصُ
  2. 2
    نَطِقُسَ
  3. 3
    هِكُثَحِ
  4. 4
    أُضَظِخُ
  5. 5
    غَلِجُدَ
  6. 6
    ذِعُوَتِ
  7. 7
    مُرَزِفُ

Words

كَتَبَwrote
خَلَقَcreated
فَتَحَopened
عَلِمَknew
سَمِعَheard
كُتِبَwas written

Mastery check

The student reads the mixed rows in all three vowels without stopping.

Short Vowels review

A short mixed page. Move to the next stage once the student reads it without stopping.

Read the whole page in one go

  1. 1
    خَحِجُهَ
  2. 2
    صُسَثِشَ
  3. 3
    ضِدَظُذَ
  4. 4
    طَتُقِكَ
  5. 5
    عُأَغِخَ
  6. 6
    زَرِوُيَ
  7. 7
    نُمَلِفَ

Stage 2 of 10 · Lessons 5–8 · Roots

Letter Shapes & Sounds

All 28 letters together: families, heavy and light, and how they join.

  1. 5Look-alike letters
  2. 6Heavy and light letters
  3. 7Letters change shape
  4. 8Six letters that never join forward
Lesson5

Look-alike letters

Tell apart the letters that differ only by dots.

  • Many letters share a body. The dots make the difference: how many, and above or below.
  • One dot below ب, two above ت, three above ث, one above ن, two below ي.

Letter families

بتثني
جحخ
دذ
رز
سش
صض
طظ
عغ
فق

Read each family, forwards and backwards

  1. 1
    بَتِثُنَيِ
  2. 2
    يُنِثَتُبِ
  3. 3
    جَحِخُحَ
  4. 4
    دُذَزِرُ
  5. 5
    سِشَصُضِ
  6. 6
    طَظُعِغَ
  7. 7
    فُقِفَقُ

Mastery check

The student names and reads every family without mixing up dots.

Lesson6

Heavy and light letters

Hear the difference between light letters and their heavy partners.

  • Seven letters are always heavy: خ ص ض غ ط ق ظ. A handy phrase holds them: خُصَّ ضَغْطٍ قِظْ.
  • For a heavy letter the back of the tongue rises and the mouth feels full. The fatha sounds like the ‘uh’ in ‘huh’.
  • ح and ع are not heavy. They are tense throat letters, but they stay light. Keep their fatha a clear ‘a’.
  • ض has no light partner. It is a heavy letter in its own right, so learn its sound by itself.
  • Light letters are said with a thin, clear sound. Mixing a pair can change the meaning of a word.

Light and heavy pairs

سص
تط
ذظ
كق

Light, heavy, light, heavy

  1. 1
    سَصَسِصِ
  2. 2
    تَطَتُطُ
  3. 3
    ذَظَذِظِ
  4. 4
    كَقَكِقِ

Throat letters that stay light

  1. 1
    هَحَهِحِ
  2. 2
    أَعَإِعِ
  3. 3
    حَعَحُعُ

The seven heavy letters

  1. 1
    خَصَضَغَطَقَظَ

Mastery check

The student makes each heavy letter sound clearly different from its light partner.

Lesson7

Letters change shape

Recognise each letter at the start, middle and end of a word.

  • Arabic letters join together. When they join, they change shape a little. The dots and the main part stay, so the letter is still recognisable.
  • Read the table right to left: alone, start, middle, end.

Four shapes of each letter

LetterAloneStartMiddleEnd
Alifااـاـا
Baaببــبــب
Taaتتــتــت
Thaaثثــثــث
Jeemججــجــج
Ḥaaححــحــح
Khaaخخــخــخ
Daalددـدـد
Dhaalذذـذـذ
Raaررـرـر
Zayززـزـز
Seenسســســس
Sheenششــشــش
Ṣaadصصــصــص
Ḍaadضضــضــض
Ṭaaططــطــط
Dhaaظظــظــظ
‘Aynععــعــع
Ghaynغغــغــغ
Faaففــفــف
Qaafققــقــق
Kaafككــكــك
Laamللــلــل
Meemممــمــم
Noonننــنــن
Haaههــهــه
Wawووـوـو
Yaaييــيــي

Mastery check

The student can find any letter in any of its four shapes.

Lesson8

Six letters that never join forward

Spot the six letters that break a word into pieces.

  • Six letters join to the letter before them, but never to the letter after them: ا د ذ ر ز و.
  • After one of these, the next letter starts fresh, so a single word can look like two or three pieces. It is still one word.

The six

ا
د
ذ
ر
ز
و

Read these words. Find the breaks

وَرَدَarrived
زَرَعَplanted
دَرَسَstudied
ذَرَأَscattered
أَخَذَtook
وَزَنَweighed
رَصَدَwatched
وَعَدَpromised

Mastery check

The student reads every word as one smooth word, not as separate pieces.

Letter Shapes & Sounds review

A short mixed page. Move to the next stage once the student reads it without stopping.

Read the whole page in one go

  1. 1
    بَتَثَنَيَ
  2. 2
    سَصَتَطَ
  3. 3
    دَضَذَظَ
  4. 4
    كَقَخَغَ
  5. 5
    هَحَأَعَ

Stage 3 of 10 · Lessons 9–10 · Sprouts

Joining Letters into Words

Letters hold hands. Read whole words with any short vowel.

  1. 9Joined words with fatha
  2. 10Joined words with kasra and damma
Lesson9

Joined words with fatha

Read three- and four-letter words smoothly, all with fatha.

  • Now the letters hold hands. Read each word as one breath: كَتَبَ = ka-ta-ba.

Three-letter words

كَتَبَ
ذَهَبَ
فَتَحَ
جَلَسَ
خَلَقَ
نَصَرَ
رَزَقَ
صَدَقَ
ضَرَبَ
ظَلَمَ
طَلَبَ
غَفَرَ
قَرَأَ
سَأَلَ
أَمَرَ
حَمَلَ
شَكَرَ
بَلَغَ
دَخَلَ
جَعَلَ
كَسَبَ
نَظَرَ
صَبَرَ
سَجَدَ

Four-letter words

فَجَعَلَ
وَجَعَلَ
فَنَظَرَ
وَصَبَرَ
فَسَجَدَ
وَخَلَقَ
فَكَتَبَ
وَنَصَرَ

Spot it in the Quran

  • خَلَقَAl-‘Alaq 96:2
  • كَسَبَAl-Masad 111:2

Mastery check

The student reads the three-letter words in one smooth pass.

Lesson10

Joined words with kasra and damma

Read joined words that mix all three short vowels.

  • Same skill, more variety. Look at every mark before you say the letter.
  • Changing one vowel can change the whole meaning: كَتَبَ means ‘he wrote’ and كُتِبَ means ‘it was written’.

Words with kasra

عَلِمَknew
سَمِعَheard
شَرِبَdrank
فَرِحَwas happy
عَمِلَworked
حَفِظَmemorised
رَحِمَhad mercy
شَهِدَwitnessed
لَبِثَstayed
خَسِرَlost

Words with damma

كُتِبَwas written
خُلِقَwas created
جُمِعَwas gathered
قُتِلَwas killed
رُفِعَwas raised
فُتِحَwas opened
كُتُبُbooks
رُسُلُmessengers
أُمَمُnations
سُرُرُcouches

Did it, or was it done?

كَتَبَكُتِبَ
خَلَقَخُلِقَ
جَمَعَجُمِعَ
فَتَحَفُتِحَ
رَفَعَرُفِعَ
ذَكَرَذُكِرَ

Spot it in the Quran

  • مَلِكِAn-Nas 114:2
  • قُتِلَ‘Abasa 80:17
  • وَجُمِعَAl-Qiyamah 75:9

Mastery check

The student reads both columns of pairs without a single vowel mistake.

Joining Letters into Words review

A short mixed page. Move to the next stage once the student reads it without stopping.

Read the whole page in one go

ذَكَرَ
حَشَرَ
بَطَشَ
هَلَكَ
سَبَقَ
طَلَعَ
كُتِبَ
حَسِبَ
سُئِلَ
رَحِمَ
حُمِلَ
فُتِحَ

Stage 4 of 10 · Lessons 11–14 · Stems

Long Vowels

Stretch the sounds: the three madd letters and the little standing alif.

  1. 11Stretching with alif
  2. 12Stretching with yaa
  3. 13Stretching with waw
  4. 14All three madd letters
Lesson11

Stretching with alif

Stretch a fatha into a long ‘aa’ when an alif follows it.

  • When a fatha is followed by a plain alif, the sound stretches for two counts: بَا = baa.
  • Count by the length of two short vowels, not by the clock. Steady and even is the goal.
  • Sometimes the alif is written small and upright above the letter, the standing alif ـٰ. Read it exactly like a normal alif: ذٰلِكَ = dhaa-lika.
  • At the end of a word, ى after a fatha also stretches like an alif: عَلَىٰ = ‘alaa.

Read across

  1. 1
    بَاتَاثَا
  2. 2
    جَاحَاخَا
  3. 3
    دَاذَارَازَا
  4. 4
    سَاشَاصَاضَا
  5. 5
    طَاظَاعَاغَا
  6. 6
    فَاقَاكَالَا
  7. 7
    مَانَاهَاوَايَا

Short or long?

بَبَا
قَقَا
لَلَا
مَمَا
نَنَا

Words

قَالَsaid
كَانَwas
نَامَslept
قَامَstood
صَامَfasted
خَافَfeared
جَاءَcame
زَادَincreased
تَابَrepented
سَارَtravelled

The standing alif

ذٰلِكَ
هٰذَا
إِلٰهَ
مٰلِكِ
عَلَىٰ
مُوسَىٰ

Spot it in the Quran

  • مٰلِكِAl-Fatihah 1:4
  • كَانَAn-Nasr 110:3
  • ذٰلِكَAl-Baqarah 2:2

Mastery check

The student makes every alif exactly two counts, never one and never four.

Lesson12

Stretching with yaa

Stretch a kasra into a long ‘ee’ when a quiet yaa follows it.

  • When a kasra is followed by a yaa with no vowel on it, the sound stretches for two counts: بِي = bee.
  • The yaa here is a madd letter: it does not have its own sound, it lengthens the one before.
  • Sometimes the yaa is written small, after the letter: بِهِۦ. Read it the same way, as a long ‘ee’.
  • In the mushaf, a yaa at the end of a word is usually written without dots, like فِى. Read it as a normal long ‘ee’.

Read across

  1. 1
    بِيتِيثِي
  2. 2
    جِيحِيخِي
  3. 3
    دِيذِيرِيزِي
  4. 4
    سِيشِيصِيضِي
  5. 5
    طِيظِيعِيغِي
  6. 6
    فِيقِيكِيلِي
  7. 7
    مِينِيهِي

Short or long?

بِبِي
فِفِي
قِقِي
نِنِي

Words

قِيلَit was said
فِيهِin it
دِينِreligion
فِيلِelephant
طِينِclay
جِيدِneck
كَبِيرِgreat
رَحِيمِmerciful
عَظِيمِmighty
حَكِيمِwise
كَثِيرِmany
بَصِيرِall-seeing

Spot it in the Quran

  • فِي جِيدِهَاAl-Masad 111:5

Mastery check

Every long ‘ee’ is two counts and clearly longer than a kasra.

Lesson13

Stretching with waw

Stretch a damma into a long ‘oo’ when a quiet waw follows it.

  • When a damma is followed by a waw with no vowel on it, the sound stretches for two counts: بُو = boo.
  • Keep the lips rounded for the whole two counts.
  • Sometimes the waw is written small, after the letter: لَهُۥ. Read it the same way, as a long ‘oo’.
  • Sometimes an alif is written after a waw at the end of a word: قُولُوا. This alif is silent, so do not read it. You will learn more about it in Lesson 24.

Read across

  1. 1
    بُوتُوثُو
  2. 2
    جُوحُوخُو
  3. 3
    دُوذُورُوزُو
  4. 4
    سُوشُوصُوضُو
  5. 5
    طُوظُوعُوغُو
  6. 6
    فُوقُوكُولُو
  7. 7
    مُونُوهُويُو

Short or long?

بُبُو
قُقُو
نُنُو
لُلُو

Words

نُورُlight
قُولُواsay!
تُوبُواrepent!
يُوسُفُYusuf
صُدُورِchests
يَقُولُhe says
يَكُونُit will be
رَسُولُmessenger
غَفُورُforgiving
شَكُورُthankful

Spot it in the Quran

  • صُدُورِAn-Nas 114:5

Mastery check

The student holds every long ‘oo’ for two even counts.

Lesson14

All three madd letters

Read long and short vowels mixed together, at a steady pace.

  • The three madd letters are ا و ي. Each one has a partner vowel: alif after fatha, yaa after kasra, waw after damma.
  • A quick test: if the letter before has the matching vowel and the madd letter has no mark, stretch it for two counts.

The madd letters and their partners

Madd letterComes afterExampleSound
اfathaقَاqaa
يkasraقِيqee
وdammaقُوqoo

Read across

  1. 1
    بَابِيبُو
  2. 2
    قَاقِيقُو
  3. 3
    نَانِينُو
  4. 4
    سَاسِيسُو
  5. 5
    عَاعِيعُو
  6. 6
    لَالِيلُو

Words

قَالُواthey said
فِيهَاin it
نُودِيَwas called
كَانُواthey were
يَقُولُونَthey say
سَمِيعُall-hearing

Mastery check

The student reads all rows with every long vowel even and every short vowel crisp.

Long Vowels review

A short mixed page. Move to the next stage once the student reads it without stopping.

Read the whole page in one go

قَالُوا
يَقُولُونَ
فِيهَا
تُوبُوا
يَا نُوحُ
نُودِيَ
كَانُوا
قِيلَ
سَمِيعُ
عَلِيمُ
رَسُولُ
عَلَىٰ

Stage 5 of 10 · Lessons 15–20 · Leaves

Sukun, Shadda & Tanween

Rest a letter, bounce it, whisper it, double it and give it a tanween ending.

  1. 15The sukun: a resting letter
  2. 16Qalqalah: the bouncing letters
  3. 17Hams: the whispered letters
  4. 18Tanween: the double vowels
  5. 19Shadda: the doubled letter
  6. 20Shadda with madd and tanween
Lesson15

The sukun: a resting letter

Join a resting letter to the vowel before it, without adding a vowel.

  • The sukun ـْ is a small circle above a letter. It means the letter has no vowel. Join it to the letter before: أَبْ = ab.
  • Never add an extra vowel to a sukun letter. قُلْ is ‘qul’, not ‘qu-lu’.

Read across

  1. 1
    أَبْإِبْأُبْ
  2. 2
    أَتْإِتْأُتْ
  3. 3
    أَدْإِدْأُدْ
  4. 4
    أَسْإِسْأُسْ
  5. 5
    أَمْإِمْأُمْ
  6. 6
    أَنْإِنْأُنْ
  7. 7
    أَلْإِلْأُلْ

Short words

بَلْ
قُلْ
لَمْ
مِنْ
عَنْ
هَلْ
قَدْ
كَمْ
لَنْ
إِنْ
أَمْ
كُنْ

Longer words

يَعْلَمُhe knows
نَحْنُwe
أَنْتَyou
مَسْجِدُmosque
يَشْكُرُhe thanks
أَرْسَلْنَاWe sent

Soft letters (leen)

A waw or yaa with a sukun, after a fatha, makes a gentle glide: بَيْ = bay, بَوْ = baw. Read it softly and do not stretch it.

Read the soft letters

بَيْتَhouse
خَوْفَfear
يَوْمَday
قَوْمَpeople
لَيْلَnight
عَلَيْكَupon you

Spot it in the Quran

  • قُلْ هُوَAl-Ikhlas 112:1
  • لَمْ يَلِدْ وَلَمْ يُولَدْAl-Ikhlas 112:3
  • أَلَمْ تَرَAl-Fil 105:1

Mastery check

The student never adds a vowel to a sukun letter.

Lesson16

Qalqalah: the bouncing letters

Give the five qalqalah letters a small echo when they rest.

  • Five letters bounce when they have a sukun: ق ط ب ج د. They are gathered in the phrase قُطْبُ جَدٍّ.
  • The bounce is a short echo, not a vowel. أَقْ sounds like ‘aq’ with a tiny release, never ‘aqa’.
  • For example, in يَدْخُلُونَ the د rests, so give it the echo.

Read across

  1. 1
    أَقْإِقْأُقْ
  2. 2
    أَطْإِطْأُطْ
  3. 3
    أَبْإِبْأُبْ
  4. 4
    أَجْإِجْأُجْ
  5. 5
    أَدْإِدْأُدْ

Qalqalah in the Quran

  • أَطْ‍عَمَهُمQuraysh 106:4
  • يَ‍دْخُلُونَAn-Nasr 110:2
  • أَلَمْ يَ‍جْ‍عَلْAl-Fil 105:2
  • يَ‍بْ‍تَغُونَAl-Fath 48:29
  • لَمْ يَلِ‍دْAl-Ikhlas 112:3

Mastery check

The student bounces all five letters when resting, and nothing else.

Lesson17

Hams: the whispered letters

Let the breath flow on the ten whispered letters when they rest.

  • Ten letters let a little breath run out with the sound. They are gathered in the phrase فَحَثَّهُ شَخْصٌ سَكَتَ: ف ح ث ه ش خ ص س ك ت.
  • You hear hams most clearly when one of these letters has a sukun or you stop on it. Let a soft puff of air follow: أَفْ, أَسْ.
  • Hams is the opposite of qalqalah. A qalqalah letter holds the breath and bounces. A hams letter releases the breath. ت and ك close firmly and then release a short puff; they never bounce.

Read across. Let the breath out

  1. 1
    أَفْأَحْأَثْأَهْأَشْ
  2. 2
    أَخْأَصْأَسْأَكْأَتْ

Breath or bounce?

أَتْأَطْ
أَكْأَقْ
أَسْأَبْ
أَثْأَدْ

Spot it in the Quran

  • يُوَسْ‍وِسُAn-Nas 114:5
  • يَ‍حْ‍سَبُAl-Humazah 104:3
  • أَحْ‍سَنِAt-Tin 95:4
  • يَ‍خْ‍شَىٰAl-A‘la 87:10
  • قَدْ أَفْ‍لَحَAsh-Shams 91:9
  • يَ‍شْ‍كُرُAn-Naml 27:40

Mastery check

The student releases a soft breath on every resting hams letter, and does not bounce ت or ك.

Lesson18

Tanween: the double vowels

Read the three tanween endings as a vowel plus a hidden ‘n’.

  • Tanween is a doubled vowel at the end of a word. It sounds like the vowel plus an ‘n’ that is not written.
  • بًا = ban, بٍ = bin, بٌ = bun.
  • Tied taa ة is a taa that only comes at the end of a word. It reads exactly like ت: رَحْمَةٌ = raḥmatun. When you stop on it, it changes to a soft ه. You will learn more about this in later lessons.
  • Fathatan usually comes with an extra alif that is not read when you continue: عِلْمًا = ‘ilman. It is not added after tied taa ة or after hamzah that follows an alif: رَحْمَةً, سَمَاءً.

Read across

  1. 1
    بًابٍبٌ
  2. 2
    تًاتٍتٌ
  3. 3
    دًادٍدٌ
  4. 4
    رًارٍرٌ
  5. 5
    سًاسٍسٌ
  6. 6
    عًاعٍعٌ
  7. 7
    قًاقٍقٌ
  8. 8
    مًامٍمٌ

One word, three endings

FathatanKasratanDammatan
كِتَابًاكِتَابٍكِتَابٌ
نَارًانَارٍنَارٌ
عِلْمًاعِلْمٍعِلْمٌ
رَحْمَةًرَحْمَةٍرَحْمَةٌ
سَمَاءًسَمَاءٍسَمَاءٌ

Spot it in the Quran

  • نَارٌ حَامِيَةٌAl-Qari‘ah 101:11
  • أَفْوَاجًاAn-Nasr 110:2
  • مِنْ خَوْفٍQuraysh 106:4

Mastery check

The student reads all tanween endings with a clear ‘n’ and never reads the extra alif.

Lesson19

Shadda: the doubled letter

Read a letter with shadda as two letters: one resting, one moving.

  • The shadda ـّ looks like a small ‘w’ above the letter. It means the letter is doubled: the first one rests (sukun) and the second carries the vowel.
  • أَبَّ = أَبْ + بَ = ab-ba. Lean on the letter for a moment before moving on.
  • Kasra with shadda is often written just under the shadda بِّ, and sometimes under the letter. Both read the same.

Read across

  1. 1
    أَبَّأَبِّأَبُّ
  2. 2
    أَتَّأَتِّأَتُّ
  3. 3
    أَدَّأَدِّأَدُّ
  4. 4
    أَرَّأَرِّأَرُّ
  5. 5
    أَسَّأَسِّأَسُّ
  6. 6
    أَلَّأَلِّأَلُّ

Words

رَبَّLord
رَبِّmy Lord
ثُمَّthen
كَلَّاno indeed
حَقَّtrue
تَبَّperished
فَصَلِّso pray
يُكَذِّبُdenies
مُحَمَّدُMuhammad
أُمِّmother

Spot it in the Quran

  • فَصَلِّ لِرَبِّكَAl-Kawthar 108:2
  • وَتَبَّAl-Masad 111:1
  • يُكَذِّبُAl-Ma‘un 107:1

Mastery check

Every shadda is held clearly, so the student never reads رَبَّ as رَبَ.

Lesson20

Shadda with madd and tanween

Combine shadda with long vowels and tanween in one word.

  • Shadda can sit on a letter that is followed by a madd letter تَوَّابًا or that ends in tanween صَفًّا.
  • Take it in order: hold the doubled letter, then stretch or add the ‘n’.

Shadda with madd

تَوَّابًاever-relenting
حَمَّالَةَcarrier
كَفَّارًاungrateful
إِيَّاكَYou alone
جَنَّاتٍgardens
طَيِّبَةًgood

Shadda with tanween

صَفًّا
دَكًّا
حُبًّا
جَمًّا
حَقًّا
ظِلٌّ

Spot it in the Quran

  • إِيَّاكَ نَعْبُدُ وَإِيَّاكَ نَسْتَعِينُAl-Fatihah 1:5
  • حُبًّا جَمًّاAl-Fajr 89:20

Mastery check

The student reads the Quran lines above without stopping inside a word.

Sukun, Shadda & Tanween review

A short mixed page. Move to the next stage once the student reads it without stopping.

Read each line from the Quran

  • مِنْ خَوْفٍQuraysh 106:4
  • قُلْ هُوَAl-Ikhlas 112:1
  • نَارٌ حَامِيَةٌAl-Qari‘ah 101:11
  • حُبًّا جَمًّاAl-Fajr 89:20
  • صَفًّا صَفًّاAl-Fajr 89:22
  • فَصَلِّ لِرَبِّكَAl-Kawthar 108:2

Stage 6 of 10 · Lessons 21–26 · Buds

Silent Letters, Ghunnah & Stopping

First tajweed habits: the connecting hamzah, the name of Allah, sun and moon letters, silent letters, ghunnah, and how to stop and start.

  1. 21The connecting hamzah
  2. 22The lam in the name of Allah
  3. 23Moon letters and sun letters
  4. 24Other letters written but not read
  5. 25Ghunnah: the nasal sound
  6. 26Stopping and starting
Lesson21

The connecting hamzah

Skip the connecting hamzah when reading on, and give it the right vowel when starting on it.

  • The connecting hamzah ٱ is an alif with a small mark on top. You will see it in many words from now on.
  • When you read on from the word before, it is silent: بِسْمِ ٱللَّهِ = bismil-laah.
  • When you start on it, it takes a vowel. Which vowel depends on the word. Use the table below.

Starting on a connecting hamzah

WhenStart withWrittenRead as
in ٱلْfathaٱلْحَمْدُأَلْحَمْدُ
the third letter has a dammadammaٱدْعُأُدْعُ
the third letter has a fathakasraٱقْرَأْإِقْرَأْ
the third letter has a kasrakasraٱهْدِنَاإِهْدِنَا

Silent when reading on

  • بِسْمِ ٱللَّهِAl-Fatihah 1:1
  • وَٱلْعَصْرِAl-‘Asr 103:1

Starting on it

  • ٱقْرَأْAl-‘Alaq 96:1
  • ٱهْدِنَاAl-Fatihah 1:6
  • ٱدْعُAn-Nahl 16:125

Mastery check

The student skips ٱ when reading on, and starts on it with the right vowel.

Lesson22

The lam in the name of Allah

Read the name of Allah with its hidden long vowel, and make its lam heavy or light.

  • In ٱللَّه there is a long ‘aa’ after the doubled lam, even though no full alif is written. Stretch it for two counts: Al-laah.
  • After a fatha or damma, the lam is heavy: full mouth, deep sound.
  • After a kasra, it is light: thin and clear.
  • Starting a recitation with the name of Allah counts as heavy: ٱللَّهُ ٱلصَّمَدُ.
  • The same two rules apply to ٱللَّهُمَّ (Allahumma, “O Allah”): heavy lam after a fatha or damma, or at the start; light lam after a kasra.

Heavy (after fatha or damma)

  • قُلْ هُوَ ٱللَّهُ أَحَدٌAl-Ikhlas 112:1
  • نَصْرُ ٱللَّهِAn-Nasr 110:1
  • رَسُولُ ٱللَّهِ نَاقَةَ ٱللَّهِAsh-Shams 91:13

Light (after kasra)

  • بِسْمِ ٱللَّهِAl-Fatihah 1:1
  • لِلَّهِAl-Fatihah 1:2
  • فِي دِينِ ٱللَّهِAn-Nasr 110:2

Allahumma (the same two rules)

  • سُبْحَـٰنَكَ ٱللَّهُمَّYunus 10:10 · heavy, after a fatha
  • ٱللَّهُمَّ رَبَّنَآAl-Ma’idah 5:114 · heavy, at the start
  • قُلِ ٱللَّهُمَّ مَـٰلِكَ ٱلْمُلْكِAal ‘Imran 3:26 · light, after a kasra

Mastery check

The student stretches the ‘aa’ and switches between heavy and light lam correctly.

Lesson23

Moon letters and sun letters

Know when the lam of ٱلْ is read and when it disappears.

  • Moon letters أ ب غ ح ج ك و خ ف ع ق ي م ه: the lam is read and has a sukun. ٱلْقَمَرُ = al-qamar.
  • Sun letters (the other 14): the lam is silent and the next letter gets a shadda. ٱلشَّمْسُ = ash-shams.

Moon letters: say the lam

ٱلْقَمَرُ
ٱلْكِتَابُ
ٱلْحَمْدُ
ٱلْعَالَمِينَ
ٱلْفَلَقِ
ٱلْبَيْتِ
ٱلْمُسْتَقِيمَ
ٱلْيَوْمَ
ٱلْجَنَّةُ
ٱلْغَفُورُ
ٱلْوَدُودُ
ٱلْخَيْرُ

Sun letters: lam is silent

ٱل‍شَّمْسُ
ٱل‍رَّحْمٰنِ
ٱل‍نَّاسِ
ٱل‍دِّينِ
ٱل‍صِّرَاطَ
ٱل‍تِّينِ
ٱل‍زَّيْتُونِ
ٱل‍سَّمَاءُ
ٱل‍طَّارِقِ
ٱل‍ثَّمَرَاتِ
ٱل‍ظَّالِمِينَ
ٱل‍لَّيْلِ

Mastery check

The student sorts every word into sun or moon and reads it correctly.

Lesson24

Other letters written but not read

Skip the silent alif after a plural waw, and shorten a madd letter before a resting letter.

  • The alif after the plural waw is silent: ءَامَنُوا۠. The mushaf marks it with a small circle on top.
  • In أَنَا۠ the last alif is not stretched when you read on. It is marked with a small oval.
  • A madd letter at the end of a word is not stretched when the next word starts with a resting letter, such as the lam of ٱلْ: فِ‍ى ٱلْعُقَدِ = fil-‘uqad.

Spot it in the Quran

  • ءَامَنُوا۠ وَعَمِلُوا۠Al-‘Asr 103:3
  • فَقَالَ أَنَا۠ رَبُّكُمُAn-Nazi‘at 79:24
  • فِ‍ى ٱلْعُقَدِAl-Falaq 113:4

Mastery check

The student skips every silent letter and keeps the shortened madd short.

Lesson25

Ghunnah: the nasal sound

Hold a nasal hum for two counts on نّ and مّ.

  • Ghunnah is a humming sound from the nose. Pinch your nose while saying نّ: if the sound stops, you are making ghunnah.
  • Every نّ and مّ has a full ghunnah of two counts.

Read across

  1. 1
    إِنَّإِنِّإِنُّ
  2. 2
    أَمَّأَمِّأَمُّ

Spot it in the Quran

  • إِنَّ شَانِئَكَAl-Kawthar 108:3
  • عَ‍مَّAn-Naba’ 78:1
  • مِنَ ٱلْجِ‍نَّ‍ةِ وَٱل‍نَّ‍اسِAn-Nas 114:6
  • فَأَمَّ‍ا ٱلْيَتِيمَ فَلَا تَقْهَرْAd-Duha 93:9

Mastery check

The student holds every نّ and مّ for two counts with a clear hum.

Lesson26

Stopping and starting

Stop correctly at the end of an ayah, and read the stopping signs.

  • When you stop on a word, the last vowel becomes a sukun: ٱلْعَالَمِينَ → ٱلْعَالَمِينْ.
  • Fathatan becomes a long alif: أَفْوَاجًا → أَفْوَاجَا. Tied taa becomes a soft ه: حَامِيَةٌ → حَامِيَهْ. Other tanweens simply rest: أَحَدٌ → أَحَدْ.
  • Small signs above the line tell you whether to stop. Always stop at the end of an ayah when you need breath, and start again from a place that makes sense.

Changing the ending when you stop

WrittenWhen you stop
ٱلْعَالَمِينَٱلْعَالَمِينْ
أَفْوَاجًاأَفْوَاجَا
حَامِيَةٌحَامِيَهْ
أَحَدٌأَحَدْ

Stopping signs

SignMeaning
مـYou must stop here
لاDo not stop here
جStopping or continuing are both fine
قلىStopping is better
صلىContinuing is better
∴ ∴Stop at one of the two places, not both

Mastery check

The student stops with the right ending every time.

Stage 7 of 10 · Lessons 27–31 · Petals

Noon & Meem Rules

What happens to a resting noon, a tanween and a resting meem.

  1. 27Noon sakinah and tanween: izhar (clear)
  2. 28Idgham: merging
  3. 29Iqlab: changing to meem
  4. 30Ikhfa: hiding
  5. 31Meem sakinah
Lesson27

Noon sakinah and tanween: izhar (clear)

Learn the four rules of noon sakinah and tanween, starting with izhar.

  • A noon with sukun نْ and a tanween both end in an ‘n’ sound. What happens to that ‘n’ depends on the next letter. There are four rules: izhar (clear), idgham (merge), iqlab (change), ikhfa (hide).
  • Izhar: before the six throat letters ء ه ع ح غ خ, say the ‘n’ clearly, with no extra hum.

The four rules at a glance

RuleMeaningNext letter
Izharsay it clearlyء ه ع ح غ خ
Idghammerge itي ر م ل و ن
Iqlabchange to meemب
Ikhfahide it, with hum15 remaining letters

Izhar in the Quran

  • مِنْ خَوْفٍQuraysh 106:4
  • أَنْعَمْتَAl-Fatihah 1:7
  • كُفُوًا أَحَدٌAl-Ikhlas 112:4
  • ٱلَّذِي يَنْهَىٰAl-‘Alaq 96:9
  • عَلِيمٌ حَكِيمٌAn-Nisa’ 4:26
  • مِنْ غِلٍّAl-A‘raf 7:43

Mastery check

The student names the next letter and keeps the ‘n’ clear before all six throat letters.

Lesson28

Idgham: merging

Merge noon sakinah and tanween into the next letter.

  • Idgham letters are gathered in the word يَرْمَلُونَ: ي ر م ل و ن.
  • With ghunnah ي ن م و (the word يَنْمُو): the ‘n’ melts into the next letter with a two-count hum.
  • Without ghunnah ل ر: the ‘n’ disappears completely into the lam or raa, with no hum.
  • Idgham only happens across two words. Inside one word the noon stays clear: ٱلدُّنْيَا, صِنْوَانٌ, قِنْوَانٌ, بُنْيَانٌ.

With ghunnah

  • مَ‍ن يَقُولُAl-Baqarah 2:8
  • مِ‍ن مَّسَدٍAl-Masad 111:5
  • خَيْرًا يَرَهُAz-Zalzalah 99:7
  • مِ‍ن نِّعْمَةٍAl-Layl 92:19
  • مِ‍ن وَالٍAr-Ra‘d 13:11

Without ghunnah

  • هُمَزَةٍ لُّمَزَةٍAl-Humazah 104:1
  • مِ‍ن رَّبِّهِمْAl-Baqarah 2:5
  • غَفُورٌ رَّحِيمٌAl-Baqarah 2:173

Mastery check

The student merges correctly and keeps the hum only for ي ن م و.

Lesson29

Iqlab: changing to meem

Turn noon sakinah and tanween into a hidden meem before ب.

  • Before the letter ب, the ‘n’ turns into a meem, said with lips lightly closed and a two-count hum.
  • The mushaf shows this with a small meem ۢ over the noon or tanween.

Iqlab in the Quran

  • مِ‍نۢ بَعْدُAr-Rum 30:4
  • أَنۢ‍بِئُونِيAl-Baqarah 2:31
  • سَمِي‍عٌۢ بَصِيرٌAl-Hajj 22:61
  • لَيُ‍نۢ‍بَذَنَّAl-Humazah 104:4

Mastery check

The student makes a soft meem with ghunnah before every ب.

Lesson30

Ikhfa: hiding

Hide noon sakinah and tanween with a hum before the 15 ikhfa letters, and shape the hum to the next letter.

  • Before the remaining 15 letters, the ‘n’ is hidden: the tongue does not fully touch, and a two-count hum carries you into the next letter.
  • Heavy ikhfa: before the heavy letters ص ض ط ظ ق, the hum is full and deep, like the letter after it: مَنصُورًا.
  • Light ikhfa: before all the other ikhfa letters, the hum stays light: كُنتُمْ.
  • Closed-throat ikhfa: before ك and ق, the back of the tongue rises towards the roof of the mouth, so the hum comes from further back, close to the ‘ng’ in ‘sing’: عَنكُمْ, مِن قَبْلُ.

The 15 ikhfa letters

LetterExampleHumWhere
تكُ‍ن‍تُمْlightAl-Baqarah 2:23
ثمَّ‍ن‍ثُورًاlightAl-Furqan 25:23
جفَأَن‍جَيْنٰهُlightAl-A‘raf 7:64
دأَن‍دَادًاlightAl-Baqarah 2:22
ذمُ‍ن‍ذِرُlightAn-Nazi‘at 79:45
زأَن‍زَلْنٰهُlightAl-Qadr 97:1
سٱلْإِن‍سٰنَlightAl-‘Asr 103:2
شمِ‍ن شَرِّlightAl-Falaq 113:2
فيُ‍ن‍فِقُونَlightAl-Baqarah 2:3
صمَ‍ن‍صُورًاheavyAl-Isra’ 17:33
ضمَّ‍ن‍ضُودٍheavyAl-Waqi‘ah 56:29
طيَ‍ن‍طِقُheavyAn-Najm 53:3
ظٱن‍ظُرْheavyAn-Nisa’ 4:50
قمِ‍ن قَبْلُheavy, closed-throatAr-Rum 30:4
كعَ‍ن‍كُمْclosed-throatAn-Nisa’ 4:28

Mastery check

The student hides the noon before all 15 letters, with a deep hum before heavy letters and a back hum before ك and ق.

Lesson31

Meem sakinah

Apply the three rules of a resting meem.

  • Ikhfa shafawi (lip hiding): meem sakinah before ب. Lips close lightly, with a two-count hum.
  • Idgham shafawi (lip merging): meem sakinah before another م. The two meems merge into one مّ with a two-count hum.
  • Izhar shafawi (lip clarity): before every other letter, say the meem clearly. Take extra care before و and ف, where the lips want to slip.

Ikhfa shafawi (before ب)

  • تَرْمِيهِ‍م بِحِجَارَةٍAl-Fil 105:4

Idgham shafawi (before م)

  • كَ‍م مِّن فِئَةٍAl-Baqarah 2:249
  • فِي قُلُوبِهِ‍م مَّرَضٌAl-Baqarah 2:10

Izhar shafawi (all other letters)

  • أَلَمْ تَرَAl-Fil 105:1
  • لَكُمْ دِينُكُمْAl-Kafirun 109:6
  • عَلَيْهِمْ وَلَاAl-Fatihah 1:7
  • وَهُمْ فِيهَاAl-Baqarah 2:25

Mastery check

The student hums only before ب and م, and keeps the meem clear before و and ف.

Stage 8 of 10 · Lessons 32–36 · Blossoms

Madd Rules

How long to stretch: every kind of madd.

  1. 32Madd: natural and badal
  2. 33Madd: muttasil and munfasil
  3. 34Madd lazim and the opening letters
  4. 35Madd ‘aarid: stopping on a madd
  5. 36Madd silah: the stretched pronoun
Lesson32

Madd: natural and badal

Stretch natural madd and badal madd for two counts.

  • Natural madd (tabi‘i) is the madd you met in Stage 4: a madd letter with no hamzah or sukun after it. Always 2 counts: قَالَ, قِيلَ, يَقُولُ. The small standing alif is natural madd too: ٱلرَّحْمٰنِ.
  • Badal madd: a hamzah comes before the madd letter. Also 2 counts: ءَامَنُوا, إِيمَانًا, أُوتُوا.

Natural madd

قَالَ
قِيلَ
يَقُولُ
نُوحِيهَا
ذٰلِكَ
عَلَىٰ

Badal in the Quran

  • ءَامَنُوا۠Al-‘Asr 103:3
  • إِيمٰنًاAl-Fath 48:4
  • أُوتُوا۠ ٱلْكِتٰبَAl-Bayyinah 98:4

Mastery check

The student keeps every natural and badal madd at exactly two counts.

Lesson33

Madd: muttasil and munfasil

Stretch a madd letter longer when a hamzah follows it.

  • When a madd letter is followed by a hamzah, it grows longer. The mushaf marks it with the wavy madd sign above the madd letter.
  • Muttasil (joined): the hamzah is in the same word. Stretch 4 or 5 counts: جَآءَ, ٱلسَّمَآءِ.
  • Munfasil (separated): the madd letter ends one word and the hamzah starts the next. Also 4 or 5 counts: إِنَّآ أَعْطَيْنٰكَ.
  • Choose 4 or 5 and use the same length for both, all the way through a recitation.

Muttasil (same word)

  • إِذَا جَ‍آءَAn-Nasr 110:1
  • وَٱلسَّمَ‍آءِ ذَاتِ ٱلْبُرُوجِAl-Buruj 85:1
  • عَمَّ يَتَسَ‍آءَلُونَAn-Naba’ 78:1

Munfasil (two words)

  • إِنَّ‍آ أَعْطَيْنٰكَAl-Kawthar 108:1
  • فِ‍ىٓ أَحْسَنِ تَقْوِيمٍAt-Tin 95:4

Mastery check

The student stretches every muttasil and munfasil to the same chosen length.

Lesson34

Madd lazim and the opening letters

Stretch madd lazim for six counts, in words and in the letters that open some surahs.

  • When a madd letter is followed by a shadda or a sukun in the same word, stretch it for 6 counts. This is madd lazim (necessary).
  • With a shadda: ٱلضَّآلِّينَ. With a sukun: ءَآلْـٰٔنَ.
  • Some surahs open with separate letters (huroof muqatta‘ah). Read each one by its name.
  • If the name has a long vowel in the middle and ends on a resting letter, stretch 6 counts: لَامْ, مِيمْ, سِينْ, صَادْ, قَافْ, كَافْ, نُونْ, عَيْنْ.
  • Names with just two sounds are 2 counts: حَا, يَا, طَا, هَا, رَا. أَلِفْ has no madd at all.

With a shadda

  • ٱلضَّ‍آلِّينَAl-Fatihah 1:7
  • ٱلْحَ‍آقَّةُAl-Haqqah 69:1
  • فَإِذَا جَآءَتِ ٱلطَّ‍آمَّةُAn-Nazi‘at 79:34

With a sukun

  • ءَآلْـٰٔنَYunus 10:51

Opening letters

WrittenRead asCountsWhere
الٓمٓأَلِفْ لَامْ مِيمْ– · 6 · 6Al-Baqarah 2:1
يسٓيَا سِينْ2 · 6Ya-Sin 36:1
حمٓحَا مِيمْ2 · 6Ghafir 40:1
طهطَا هَا2 · 2Ta-Ha 20:1
قٓقَافْ6Qaf 50:1
نٓنُونْ6Al-Qalam 68:1
كٓهيعٓصٓكَافْ هَا يَا عَيْنْ صَادْ6 · 2 · 2 · 6 · 6Maryam 19:1

Mastery check

The student holds every madd lazim for six full counts and reads the opening letters by name.

Lesson35

Madd ‘aarid: stopping on a madd

Stretch a madd before the letter you stop on.

  • When you stop on a word, its last letter rests. If a madd letter or a soft letter (وْ or يْ after a fatha) comes just before it, you may stretch 2, 4 or 6 counts: ٱلْعٰلَمِينَ → ٱلْعٰلَمِينْ, خَوْفٍ → خَوْفْ.
  • Pick one length and keep it the same at every ayah end in a recitation. You learned how to stop in Lesson 26.

Stopping on a madd

WrittenWhen you stop
ٱلْعٰلَمِينَٱلْعٰلَمِ‍ي‍نْ
نَسْتَعِينُنَسْتَعِ‍ي‍نْ
ٱلرَّحِيمِٱلرَّحِ‍ي‍مْ
خَوْفٍخَ‍وْفْ
ٱلْبَيْتِٱلْبَ‍يْ‍تْ

Mastery check

The student stops at ayah ends with one steady length every time.

Lesson36

Madd silah: the stretched pronoun

Stretch the pronoun هُ or هِ when the mushaf shows a small waw or yaa.

  • The pronoun هُ or هِ (him, his) between two vowelled letters is stretched. The mushaf shows a small waw after هُ or a small yaa after هِ.
  • Short silah: 2 counts when the next word does not start with a hamzah: إِنَّهُۥ كَانَ, بِهِۦ.
  • Long silah: 4 or 5 counts when the next word starts with a hamzah, the same length as munfasil: مَالَهُۥٓ أَخْلَدَهُۥ.
  • When you stop on the word, the silah is not read: أَخْلَدَهُۥ → أَخْلَدَهْ.

Short silah

  • إِنَّهُۥ كَانَ تَوَّابًاAn-Nasr 110:3
  • فَأَخْرَجَ بِهِۦAl-Baqarah 2:22

Long silah

  • يَحْسَبُ أَنَّ مَالَهُۥٓ أَخْلَدَهُۥAl-Humazah 104:3

Mastery check

The student stretches the silah to the right length and drops it when stopping.

Stage 9 of 10 · Lesson 37

Full Bloom

Heavy and light letters, and the rules for raa.

  1. 37Heavy and light: the raa rules
Lesson37

Heavy and light: the raa rules

Decide whether every raa is heavy or light.

  • The seven letters خ ص ض غ ط ق ظ are always heavy, and an alif after a heavy letter is heavy too: قَالَ, طَابَ. Raa is the letter that changes.
  • Use the chart below. First ask: does the raa have a vowel, does it rest, or am I stopping on it?
  • A raa resting after a kasra is light, with two exceptions: a heavy letter follows in the same word مِرْصَادًا, or the kasra belongs to a connecting hamzah ٱرْجِعِىٓ.

Raa: heavy or light?

Raa has a vowel
  1. رَبِّwith fathaHeavy
  2. رُزِقُواwith dammaHeavy
  3. رِجَالٌwith kasraLight
Raa rests, reading on
  1. مَ‍رْيَمَafter fathaHeavy
  2. قُ‍رْءَانٌafter dammaHeavy
  3. فِرْعَوْنَafter kasraLight
  4. مِ‍رْصَادًاafter kasra, heavy letter followsHeavy
  5. ٱرْجِعِىٓafter the kasra of a connecting hamzahHeavy
Stopping on raa
  1. وَٱنْحَ‍رْfatha before itHeavy
  2. ٱلْقَدْرْfatha before the resting letterHeavy
  3. قُدِرْkasra before itLight
  4. خَيْرْresting yaa before itLight

Mastery check

The student explains why each raa is heavy or light, then reads it correctly.

Review: spot the rule

Name the rule in each phrase out loud, then open it to check.

مِ‍ن شَرِّShow the rule

Ikhfa. Noon sakinah before ش, hidden with a two-count hum.

هُمَزَةٍ لُّمَزَةٍShow the rule

Idgham without ghunnah. Tanween before ل, merged with no hum.

مِ‍نۢ بَعْدُShow the rule

Iqlab. Noon sakinah before ب becomes a hidden meem.

مِنْ خَوْفٍShow the rule

Izhar. Noon sakinah before the throat letter خ, said clearly.

تَرْمِيهِ‍م بِحِجَارَةٍShow the rule

Ikhfa shafawi. Meem sakinah before ب.

ٱلضَّ‍آلِّينَShow the rule

Madd lazim. Six counts, because a shadda follows the alif.

إِذَا جَ‍آءَShow the rule

Madd muttasil. Hamzah in the same word, four to five counts.

ٱلْفَلَ‍قِShow the rule

Qalqalah. A ق with a sukun bounces.

Stage 10 of 10 · Lessons 38–40

Garden

Read whole surahs with every rule in colour.

  1. 38Short surahs
  2. 39Longer surahs
  3. 40A few pages
Lesson38

Reading the Quran: short surahs

Level 1 of 3. Read whole short surahs with every rule applied.

  • Everything comes together here. Read slowly. Before each ayah, look for the colours and remember what each one asks you to do.
  • Turn the colours off at the top of the page when you are ready. A real mushaf may not have them.
Al-FatihahSurah 1

بِسْمِ ٱللَّهِ ٱل‍رَّحْمٰنِ ٱل‍رَّحِ‍ي‍مِ١ ٱلْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ رَبِّ ٱلْعٰلَمِ‍ي‍نَ٢ ٱل‍رَّحْمٰنِ ٱل‍رَّحِ‍ي‍مِ٣ مٰلِكِ يَوْمِ ٱل‍دِّي‍نِ٤ إِيَّاكَ نَعْبُدُ وَإِيَّاكَ نَسْتَعِ‍ي‍نُ٥ ٱهْدِنَ‍ا ٱل‍صِّرٰطَ ٱلْمُسْتَقِ‍ي‍مَ٦ صِرٰطَ ٱلَّذِينَ أَنْعَمْتَ عَلَيْهِمْ غَيْرِ ٱلْمَغْضُوبِ عَلَيْهِمْ وَلَا ٱل‍ضَّ‍آلِّ‍ي‍نَ٧

Al-‘AsrSurah 103

بِسْمِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلرَّحْمٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ

وَٱلْعَصْرِ١ إِنَّ ٱلْإِن‍سٰنَ لَفِى خُسْرٍ٢ إِلَّا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوا۠ وَعَمِلُوا۠ ٱل‍صَّٰلِحٰتِ وَتَوَاصَوْا۠ بِ‍ٱلْحَقِّ وَتَوَاصَوْا۠ بِ‍ٱل‍صَّ‍بْ‍رِ٣

Al-KawtharSurah 108

بِسْمِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلرَّحْمٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ

إِنَّ‍آ أَعْطَيْنٰكَ ٱلْكَوْثَرَ١ فَصَلِّ لِرَبِّكَ وَٱنْحَرْ٢ إِنَّ شَانِئَكَ هُوَ ٱلْأَبْ‍تَرُ٣

Al-IkhlasSurah 112

بِسْمِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلرَّحْمٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ

قُلْ هُوَ ٱللَّهُ أَحَ‍دٌ١ ٱللَّهُ ٱل‍صَّمَ‍دُ٢ لَمْ يَلِ‍دْ وَلَمْ يُولَ‍دْ٣ وَلَمْ يَكُ‍ن لَّهُۥ كُفُوًا أَحَ‍دٌ٤

Al-FalaqSurah 113

بِسْمِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلرَّحْمٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ

قُلْ أَعُوذُ بِرَبِّ ٱلْفَلَ‍قِ١ مِ‍ن شَرِّ مَا خَلَ‍قَ٢ وَمِ‍ن شَرِّ غَاسِقٍ إِذَا وَقَ‍بَ٣ وَمِ‍ن شَرِّ ٱل‍نَّ‍فَّٰثٰتِ فِ‍ى ٱلْعُقَ‍دِ٤ وَمِ‍ن شَرِّ حَاسِدٍ إِذَا حَسَ‍دَ٥

An-NasSurah 114

بِسْمِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلرَّحْمٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ

قُلْ أَعُوذُ بِرَبِّ ٱل‍نَّ‍اسِ١ مَلِكِ ٱل‍نَّ‍اسِ٢ إِلٰهِ ٱل‍نَّ‍اسِ٣ مِ‍ن شَرِّ ٱلْوَسْوَاسِ ٱلْخَ‍نَّ‍اسِ٤ ٱلَّذِى يُوَسْوِسُ فِى صُدُورِ ٱل‍نَّ‍اسِ٥ مِنَ ٱلْجِ‍نَّ‍ةِ وَٱل‍نَّ‍اسِ٦

Mastery check

The student reads every surah on this page fluently, with every rule applied, and with colours turned off.

Lesson39

Reading the Quran: longer surahs

Level 2 of 3. Keep the rules and the flow going through longer surahs.

  • These surahs have more ayat, and some ayat are long. Take a breath at the stop signs, and let your eye find the next colour before your voice gets there.
  • Read one surah each sitting. A short, clean reading is better than a long, rushed one.
Ad-DuhaSurah 93

بِسْمِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلرَّحْمٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ

وَٱل‍ضُّحَىٰ١ وَٱلَّيْلِ إِذَا سَجَىٰ٢ مَا وَدَّعَكَ رَبُّكَ وَمَا قَلَىٰ٣ وَلَلْءَاخِرَةُ خَيْرٌ لَّكَ مِنَ ٱلْأُولَىٰ٤ وَلَسَوْفَ يُعْطِيكَ رَبُّكَ فَتَرْضَىٰٓ٥ أَلَمْ يَجِ‍دْكَ يَتِي‍مً‍ا فَءَاوَىٰ٦ وَوَجَدَكَ ضَآلًّا فَهَدَىٰ٧ وَوَجَدَكَ عَ‍آئِلًا فَأَغْنَىٰ٨ فَأَمَّ‍ا ٱلْيَتِيمَ فَلَا تَ‍قْ‍هَرْ٩ وَأَمَّ‍ا ٱل‍سَّ‍آئِلَ فَلَا تَنْهَرْ١٠ وَأَمَّ‍ا بِنِعْمَةِ رَبِّكَ فَحَدِّثْ١١

Ash-SharhSurah 94

بِسْمِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلرَّحْمٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ

أَلَمْ نَشْرَحْ لَكَ صَ‍دْرَكَ١ وَوَضَعْنَا عَ‍ن‍كَ وِزْرَكَ٢ ٱلَّذِىٓ أَن‍قَضَ ظَهْرَكَ٣ وَرَفَعْنَا لَكَ ذِكْرَكَ٤ فَإِنَّ مَعَ ٱلْعُسْرِ يُسْرًا٥ إِنَّ مَعَ ٱلْعُسْرِ يُسْرًا٦ فَإِذَا فَرَغْتَ فَ‍ٱن‍صَ‍بْ٧ وَإِلَىٰ رَبِّكَ فَ‍ٱرْغَ‍ب٨

At-TinSurah 95

بِسْمِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلرَّحْمٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ

وَٱل‍تِّينِ وَٱل‍زَّيْتُ‍ونِ١ وَطُورِ سِينِ‍ي‍نَ٢ وَهٰذَا ٱلْبَلَدِ ٱلْأَمِ‍ي‍نِ٣ لَقَ‍دْ خَلَ‍قْ‍نَ‍ا ٱلْإِن‍سٰنَ فِ‍ىٓ أَحْسَنِ تَ‍قْ‍وِي‍مٍ٤ ثُ‍مَّ رَدَدْنٰهُ أَسْفَلَ سٰفِلِ‍ي‍نَ٥ إِلَّا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوا۠ وَعَمِلُوا۠ ٱل‍صَّٰلِحٰتِ فَلَهُمْ أَجْ‍رٌ غَيْرُ مَمْنُ‍ونٍ٦ فَمَا يُكَذِّبُكَ بَعْدُ بِ‍ٱل‍دِّي‍نِ٧ أَلَيْسَ ٱللَّهُ بِأَحْكَمِ ٱلْحٰكِمِ‍ي‍نَ٨

Al-QadrSurah 97

بِسْمِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلرَّحْمٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ

إِنَّ‍آ أَن‍زَلْنٰهُ فِى لَيْلَةِ ٱلْقَ‍دْرِ١ وَمَ‍آ أَدْرَىٰكَ مَا لَيْلَةُ ٱلْقَ‍دْرِ٢ لَيْلَةُ ٱلْقَ‍دْرِ خَيْرٌ مِّ‍نْ أَلْفِ شَهْرٍ٣ تَنَزَّلُ ٱلْمَلٰٓئِكَةُ وَٱل‍رُّوحُ فِيهَا بِإِذْنِ رَبِّهِ‍م مِّ‍ن كُلِّ أَمْرٍ٤ سَلٰمٌ هِىَ حَتَّىٰ مَ‍طْ‍لَعِ ٱلْفَ‍جْ‍رِ٥

Az-ZalzalahSurah 99

بِسْمِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلرَّحْمٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ

إِذَا زُلْزِلَتِ ٱلْأَرْضُ زِلْزَالَهَا١ وَأَخْرَجَتِ ٱلْأَرْضُ أَثْقَالَهَا٢ وَقَالَ ٱلْإِن‍سٰنُ مَا لَهَا٣ يَوْمَئِ‍ذٍۢ تُحَدِّثُ أَخْبَارَهَا٤ بِأَنَّ رَبَّكَ أَوْحَىٰ لَهَا٥ يَوْمَئِذٍۢ يَ‍صْدُرُ ٱل‍نَّ‍اسُ أَشْتَاتًا لِّيُرَوْا۠ أَعْمٰلَهُمْ٦ فَمَ‍ن يَعْمَلْ مِثْقَالَ ذَرَّةٍ خَيْرًا يَ‍رَهُۥ٧ وَمَ‍ن يَعْمَلْ مِثْقَالَ ذَرَّةٍۢ شَرًّا يَرَهُۥ٨

Ash-ShamsSurah 91

بِسْمِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلرَّحْمٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ

وَٱل‍شَّمْسِ وَضُحَىٰهَا١ وَٱلْقَمَرِ إِذَا تَلَىٰهَا٢ وَٱل‍نَّ‍هَارِ إِذَا جَلَّىٰهَا٣ وَٱلَّيْلِ إِذَا يَغْشَىٰهَا٤ وَٱل‍سَّمَ‍آءِ وَمَا بَنَىٰهَا٥ وَٱلْأَرْضِ وَمَا طَحَىٰهَا٦ وَنَفْسٍۢ وَمَا سَوَّىٰهَا٧ فَأَلْهَمَهَا فُجُورَهَا وَتَ‍قْ‍وَىٰهَا٨ قَ‍دْ أَفْلَحَ مَ‍ن زَكَّىٰهَا٩ وَقَ‍دْ خَابَ مَ‍ن دَسَّىٰهَا١٠ كَذَّبَتْ ثَمُودُ بِطَغْوَىٰهَآ١١ إِذِ ٱنۢ‍بَعَثَ أَشْقَىٰهَا١٢ فَقَالَ لَهُمْ رَسُولُ ٱللَّهِ نَاقَةَ ٱللَّهِ وَسُ‍قْ‍يٰهَا١٣ فَكَذَّبُوهُ فَعَقَرُوهَا فَدَمْدَمَ عَلَيْهِمْ رَبُّهُ‍م بِذَنۢ‍بِهِمْ فَسَوَّىٰهَا١٤ وَلَا يَخَافُ عُ‍قْ‍بٰهَا١٥

Al-LaylSurah 92

بِسْمِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلرَّحْمٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ

وَٱلَّيْلِ إِذَا يَغْشَىٰ١ وَٱل‍نَّ‍هَارِ إِذَا تَجَلَّىٰ٢ وَمَا خَلَقَ ٱل‍ذَّكَرَ وَٱلْأُن‍ثَىٰٓ٣ إِنَّ سَعْيَكُمْ لَشَتَّىٰ٤ فَأَمَّ‍ا مَنْ أَعْطَىٰ وَٱتَّقَىٰ٥ وَصَدَّقَ بِ‍ٱلْحُسْنَىٰ٦ فَسَنُيَسِّرُهُۥ لِلْيُسْرَىٰ٧ وَأَمَّ‍ا مَ‍نۢ بَخِلَ وَٱسْتَغْنَىٰ٨ وَكَذَّبَ بِ‍ٱلْحُسْنَىٰ٩ فَسَنُيَسِّرُهُۥ لِلْعُسْرَىٰ١٠ وَمَا يُغْنِى عَنْهُ مَالُهُۥٓ إِذَا تَرَدَّىٰٓ١١ إِنَّ عَلَيْنَا لَلْهُدَىٰ١٢ وَإِنَّ لَنَا لَلْءَاخِرَةَ وَٱلْأُولَىٰ١٣ فَأَن‍ذَرْتُكُمْ نَارًا تَلَظَّىٰ١٤ لَا يَصْلَىٰهَ‍آ إِلَّ‍ا ٱلْأَشْقَى١٥ ٱلَّذِى كَذَّبَ وَتَوَلَّىٰ١٦ وَسَيُجَ‍نَّ‍بُهَ‍ا ٱلْأَتْقَى١٧ ٱلَّذِى يُؤْتِى مَالَهُۥ يَتَزَكَّىٰ١٨ وَمَا لِأَحَدٍ عِ‍ن‍دَهُۥ مِ‍ن نِّعْمَ‍ةٍۢ تُ‍جْ‍زَىٰٓ١٩ إِلَّ‍ا ٱبْ‍تِغَ‍آءَ وَجْ‍هِ رَبِّهِ ٱلْأَعْلَىٰ٢٠ وَلَسَوْفَ يَرْضَىٰ٢١

Mastery check

The student reads each surah on this page from start to finish, with every rule applied, at a steady pace, and with colours turned off.

Lesson40

Reading the Quran: a few pages

Level 3 of 3. Read as you would from a mushaf: a page, then a few pages.

  • Now the passages are the length of a page or more. Pace yourself: choose a steady speed you can keep from the first ayah to the last.
  • If you lose your place, stop at the next waqf sign, look, and carry on. Do not go back to the start.
Al-Baqarah (the first page)Surah 2

بِسْمِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلرَّحْمٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ

الٓ‍مٓ١ ذٰلِكَ ٱلْكِتٰبُ لَا رَيْبَ ۛ فِيهِ ۛ هُدًى لِّلْمُتَّقِ‍ي‍نَ٢ ٱلَّذِينَ يُؤْمِنُونَ بِ‍ٱلْغَيْبِ وَيُقِيمُونَ ٱل‍صَّلَوٰةَ وَمِ‍مَّ‍ا رَزَقْ‍نٰهُمْ يُ‍ن‍فِقُ‍ونَ٣ وَٱلَّذِينَ يُؤْمِنُونَ بِمَ‍آ أُن‍زِلَ إِلَيْكَ وَمَ‍آ أُن‍زِلَ مِ‍ن قَ‍بْ‍لِكَ وَبِ‍ٱلْءَاخِرَةِ هُمْ يُوقِنُ‍ونَ٤ أُو۠لٰٓئِكَ عَلَىٰ هُدًى مِّ‍ن رَّبِّهِمْ ۖ وَأُو۠لٰٓئِكَ هُمُ ٱلْمُفْلِحُ‍ونَ٥

Al-MulkSurah 67

بِسْمِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلرَّحْمٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ

تَبٰرَكَ ٱلَّذِى بِيَدِهِ ٱلْمُلْكُ وَهُوَ عَلَىٰ كُلِّ شَ‍ىْءٍۢ قَدِي‍رٌ١ ٱلَّذِى خَلَقَ ٱلْمَوْتَ وَٱلْحَيَوٰةَ لِيَ‍بْ‍لُوَكُمْ أَيُّكُمْ أَحْسَنُ عَمَلًا ۚ وَهُوَ ٱلْعَزِيزُ ٱلْغَفُ‍ورُ٢ ٱلَّذِى خَلَقَ سَ‍بْ‍عَ سَمٰوٰتٍۢ طِبَاقًا ۖ مَّا تَرَىٰ فِى خَلْقِ ٱل‍رَّحْمٰنِ مِ‍ن تَفٰوُتٍۢ ۖ فَ‍ٱرْجِعِ ٱلْبَصَرَ هَلْ تَرَىٰ مِ‍ن فُطُ‍ورٍ٣ ثُ‍مَّ ٱرْجِعِ ٱلْبَصَرَ كَرَّتَيْنِ يَ‍ن‍قَلِ‍بْ إِلَيْكَ ٱلْبَصَرُ خَاسِئًا وَهُوَ حَسِ‍ي‍رٌ٤ وَلَقَ‍دْ زَيَّ‍نَّ‍ا ٱل‍سَّمَ‍آءَ ٱل‍دُّنْيَا بِمَصٰبِيحَ وَجَعَلْنٰهَا رُجُومًا لِّلشَّيٰطِينِ ۖ وَأَعْتَ‍دْنَا لَهُمْ عَذَابَ ٱل‍سَّعِ‍ي‍رِ٥ وَلِلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا۠ بِرَبِّهِمْ عَذَابُ جَهَ‍نَّ‍مَ ۖ وَبِئْسَ ٱلْمَصِ‍ي‍رُ٦ إِذَآ أُلْقُوا۠ فِيهَا سَمِعُوا۠ لَهَا شَهِيقًا وَهِىَ تَفُ‍ورُ٧ تَكَادُ تَمَيَّزُ مِنَ ٱلْغَيْظِ ۖ كُلَّمَ‍آ أُلْقِىَ فِيهَا فَوْجٌ سَأَلَهُمْ خَزَنَتُهَ‍آ أَلَمْ يَأْتِكُمْ نَذِي‍رٌ٨ قَالُوا۠ بَلَىٰ قَ‍دْ جَ‍آءَنَا نَذِي‍رٌ فَكَذَّبْ‍نَا وَقُلْنَا مَا نَزَّلَ ٱللَّهُ مِ‍ن شَىْءٍ إِنْ أَن‍تُمْ إِلَّا فِى ضَلٰ‍لٍۢ كَبِ‍ي‍رٍ٩ وَقَالُوا۠ لَوْ كُ‍نَّ‍ا نَسْمَعُ أَوْ نَعْقِلُ مَا كُ‍نَّ‍ا فِ‍ىٓ أَصْحٰبِ ٱل‍سَّعِ‍ي‍رِ١٠ فَ‍ٱعْتَرَفُوا۠ بِذَنۢ‍بِهِمْ فَسُحْقًا لِّأَصْحٰبِ ٱل‍سَّعِ‍ي‍رِ١١ إِنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ يَخْشَوْنَ رَبَّهُ‍م بِ‍ٱلْغَيْبِ لَهُ‍م مَّغْفِرَةٌ وَأَجْ‍رٌ كَبِ‍ي‍رٌ١٢ وَأَسِرُّوا۠ قَوْلَكُمْ أَوِ ٱجْ‍هَرُوا۠ بِهِۦٓ ۖ إِنَّ‍هُۥ عَلِي‍مٌۢ بِذَاتِ ٱل‍صُّدُورِ١٣ أَلَا يَعْلَمُ مَنْ خَلَقَ وَهُوَ ٱل‍لَّطِيفُ ٱلْخَبِ‍ي‍رُ١٤ هُوَ ٱلَّذِى جَعَلَ لَكُمُ ٱلْأَرْضَ ذَلُولًا فَ‍ٱمْشُوا۠ فِى مَنَاكِبِهَا وَكُلُوا۠ مِ‍ن رِّزْقِهِۦ ۖ وَإِلَيْهِ ٱل‍نُّ‍شُ‍ورُ١٥ ءَأَمِ‍ن‍تُ‍م مَّ‍ن فِى ٱل‍سَّمَ‍آءِ أَن يَخْسِفَ بِكُمُ ٱلْأَرْضَ فَإِذَا هِىَ تَمُ‍ورُ١٦ أَمْ أَمِ‍ن‍تُ‍م مَّ‍ن فِى ٱل‍سَّمَ‍آءِ أَن يُرْسِلَ عَلَيْكُمْ حَاصِ‍بً‍ا ۖ فَسَتَعْلَمُونَ كَيْفَ نَذِي‍رِ١٧ وَلَقَ‍دْ كَذَّبَ ٱلَّذِينَ مِ‍ن قَ‍بْ‍لِهِمْ فَكَيْفَ كَانَ نَكِ‍ي‍رِ١٨ أَوَلَمْ يَرَوْا۠ إِلَى ٱل‍طَّيْرِ فَوْقَهُمْ صٰٓفَّٰتٍۢ وَيَ‍قْ‍بِضْنَ ۚ مَا يُمْسِكُهُ‍نَّ إِلَّا ٱل‍رَّحْمٰنُ ۚ إِنَّ‍هُۥ بِكُلِّ شَىْءٍۭ بَصِ‍ي‍رٌ١٩ أَمَّ‍نْ هٰذَا ٱلَّذِى هُوَ جُندٌ لَّكُمْ يَ‍ن‍صُرُكُ‍م مِّ‍ن دُونِ ٱل‍رَّحْمٰنِ ۚ إِنِ ٱلْكٰفِرُونَ إِلَّا فِى غُرُورٍ٢٠ أَمَّ‍نْ هٰذَا ٱلَّذِى يَرْزُقُكُمْ إِنْ أَمْسَكَ رِزْقَهُۥ ۚ بَل لَّجُّوا۠ فِى عُتُوٍّۢ وَنُفُ‍ورٍ٢١ أَفَمَ‍ن يَمْشِى مُكِبًّا عَلَىٰ وَجْ‍هِهِۦٓ أَهْدَىٰٓ أَمَّن يَمْشِى سَوِيًّا عَلَىٰ صِرٰطٍۢ مُّ‍سْتَقِ‍ي‍مٍ٢٢ قُلْ هُوَ ٱلَّذِىٓ أَن‍شَأَكُمْ وَجَعَلَ لَكُمُ ٱل‍سَّمْعَ وَٱلْأَبْ‍صٰرَ وَٱلْأَفْءِدَةَ ۖ قَلِيلًا مَّ‍ا تَشْكُرُونَ٢٣ قُلْ هُوَ ٱلَّذِى ذَرَأَكُمْ فِ‍ى ٱلْأَرْضِ وَإِلَيْهِ تُحْشَرُونَ٢٤ وَيَقُولُونَ مَتَىٰ هٰذَا ٱلْوَعْدُ إِن كُ‍ن‍تُمْ صٰدِقِ‍ي‍نَ٢٥ قُلْ إِنَّ‍مَ‍ا ٱلْعِلْمُ عِ‍ن‍دَ ٱللَّهِ وَإِنَّ‍مَ‍آ أَنَا۠ نَذِيرٌ مُّ‍بِ‍ي‍نٌ٢٦ فَلَ‍مَّ‍ا رَأَوْهُ زُلْفَ‍ةً سِ‍يٓءَتْ وُجُوهُ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا۠ وَقِيلَ هٰذَا ٱلَّذِى كُ‍ن‍تُ‍م بِهِۦ تَدَّعُ‍ونَ٢٧ قُلْ أَرَءَيْتُمْ إِنْ أَهْلَكَنِىَ ٱللَّهُ وَمَ‍ن مَّعِىَ أَوْ رَحِمَنَا فَمَ‍ن يُجِيرُ ٱلْكٰفِرِينَ مِنْ عَذَابٍ أَلِ‍ي‍مٍ٢٨ قُلْ هُوَ ٱل‍رَّحْمٰنُ ءَامَ‍نَّ‍ا بِهِۦ وَعَلَيْهِ تَوَكَّلْنَا ۖ فَسَتَعْلَمُونَ مَنْ هُوَ فِى ضَلٰلٍۢ مُّ‍بِ‍ي‍نٍ٢٩ قُلْ أَرَءَيْتُمْ إِنْ أَصْبَحَ مَ‍آؤُكُمْ غَوْرًا فَمَ‍ن يَأْتِيكُ‍م بِمَ‍آءٍۢ مَّ‍عِ‍ي‍نٍ٣٠

Mastery check

The student reads the first page of Al-Baqarah and Surat Al-Mulk fluently, with every rule applied, at a steady pace, and with colours turned off.

Appendix

A · Where the letters come from

Each letter has its own place in the mouth or throat, called its makhraj. Use this when a sound will not come out right.

PlaceLettersNote
Empty space of mouth and throatا و يThe three madd letters, when stretching
Throat (deepest)ء ه
Throat (middle)ع ح
Throat (nearest the mouth)غ خ
Back of the tongueق كق is further back than ك
Middle of the tongueج ش يYaa here is the consonant ‘y’
Side of the tongueض
Tip and edges of the tongueل ن ر
Tongue tip and the top front teeth’s rootsط د ت
Tongue tip near the lower teethص س زThe whistling letters
Tongue tip and the edge of the top teethظ ذ ثThe tongue shows slightly
Lipsف ب م وف: top teeth on the lower lip
Noseنّ مّWhere ghunnah comes from

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